| URLs provide a [uniform way to locate resources](https://adam.herokuapp.com/past/2010/3/30/urls_are_the_uniform_way_to_locate_resources/). Here's how to parse URLs in Go. | ||
package main |
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import ( |
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"fmt" |
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"net" |
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"net/url" |
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) |
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func main() { |
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| We'll parse this example URL, which includes a scheme, authentication info, host, port, path, query params, and query fragment. | s := "postgres://user:pass@host.com:5432/path?k=v#f" |
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| Parse the URL and ensure there are no errors. | u, err := url.Parse(s) |
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if err != nil { |
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panic(err) |
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} |
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| Accessing the scheme is straightforward. | fmt.Println(u.Scheme) |
postgres |
| `User` contains all authentication info; call `Username` and `Password` on this for individual values. | fmt.Println(u.User) |
user:pass |
fmt.Println(u.User.Username()) |
user |
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p, _ := u.User.Password() |
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fmt.Println(p) |
pass |
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| The `Host` contains both the hostname and the port, if present. Use `SplitHostPort` to extract them. | fmt.Println(u.Host) |
host.com:5432 |
host, port, _ := net.SplitHostPort(u.Host) |
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fmt.Println(host) |
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fmt.Println(port) |
host.com 5432 |
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| Here we extract the `path` and the fragment after the `#`. | fmt.Println(u.Path) |
/path |
fmt.Println(u.Fragment) |
f |
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| To get query params in a string of `k=v` format, use `RawQuery`. You can also parse query params into a map. The parsed query param maps are from strings to slices of strings, so index into `[0]` if you only want the first value. | fmt.Println(u.RawQuery) |
k=v |
m, _ := url.ParseQuery(u.RawQuery) |
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fmt.Println(m) |
map[k:[v]] |
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fmt.Println(m["k"][0]) |
v |
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} |